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to put something spurious in the place of

  • 1 subdo

    sub-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3, v. a.
    I.
    To put, place, set, or lay under (syn.: suppono, sterno).
    A.
    Lit. (class.).
    1.
    In gen.: ego puerum interead ancillae subdam lactantem meae, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. p. 153, 26 (Trag. Rel. v. 26 Rib.):

    ignem subdito,

    Cato, R. R. 105, 1; so,

    ignem,

    id. ib. 38, 4; Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 27; Liv. 8, 30 al.:

    faces,

    Lucr. 6, 1285:

    lapidem magnetem,

    id. 6, 1046:

    manum oculo uni,

    id. 4, 447; cf.:

    rem oculorum visu,

    id. 5, 101:

    furcas vitibus,

    Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32:

    pugionem pulvino,

    Suet. Oth. 11; id. Dom. 17:

    calcaria equo,

    Liv. 2, 20; 4, 19; 22, 6; cf.:

    risus stimulos animo subdidit,

    id. 6, 34, 7:

    id genus animalium (tauros) aratro,

    Tac. A. 12, 24:

    se aquis,

    to plunge under, Ov. M. 4, 722:

    colla vinclis,

    Tib. 1, 2, 90 et saep.:

    versus,

    to append, add, Gell. 18, 4, 11; 19, 11, 3; cf.:

    hic tu paulisper haesisti, deinde ilico subdidisti: quid de duobus consulibus, etc.,

    subjoined, Aus. Grat. Act. 23.—Esp., of places, in part. perf.: Celaletae (populi) majores Haemo, Minores Rhodopae subditi, that dwell at the foot of Mount Hœmus, etc., Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 41; cf.:

    Libye subdita Cancro,

    lying under, Sil. 1, 194.—
    2.
    In partic., to bring under, subject, subdue, = subicere (very rare):

    Plutonis subdita regno Magna deum proles,

    Tib. 4, 1, 67:

    tot subdite rebus!

    Pers. 5, 124:

    subdidit Oceanum sceptris,

    Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 42: Hispanum Oceanum legibus, id. [p. 1774] III. Cons. Stil. praef. 8:

    rem tam magnam iisdem tempestatibus, iisdem casibus subdere,

    to expose, Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 4:

    imperio feminae,

    Tac. A. 12, 40.—Part.: subdĭ-tus, a, um, subject (late Lat.):

    subditas viris,

    Vulg. Tit. 2, 5:

    tibi,

    id. Jud. 3, 2:

    justum est, subditum esse Deo,

    id. 2 Macc. 9, 12:

    subditi estote in omni timore,

    id. 1 Pet. 2, 18.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring on, furnish, supply; to yield, afford (so not in Cic.):

    iraï fax subdita,

    Lucr. 3, 303:

    id nobis acriores ad studia dicendi faces subdidisse,

    Quint. 1, 2, 25:

    irritatis militum animis subdere ignem,

    Liv. 8, 32:

    ingenio stimulos,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 76; Liv. 6, 34:

    alicui spiritus,

    id. 7, 40.—
    II.
    To put in the place of another person or thing, to substitute (rare but class.).
    A.
    In gen.: te rogo, in Hirtii locum me subdas, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 7:

    quos in eorum locum subditos domi suae reservavit?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 12:

    judicem in meum locum,

    id. Dom. 32, 85; Plin. Pan. 25, 3; cf. Quint. 3, 6, 54:

    immutavit et subdidit verbum ei verbo, quod omiserat, finitimum,

    Gell. 1, 4, 8.—
    B.
    In partic., to put something spurious in the place of another person or thing; to substitute falsely; to forge, counterfeit, make up (not in Cic.;

    syn. substituo): subditum se suspicatur,

    that he is a spurious child, a changeling, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 12:

    me subditum et pellice genitum appellant,

    Liv. 40, 9:

    partum,

    Dig. 4, 10, 19; cf.:

    liberos tamquam subditos summovere familia,

    Quint. 1, 4, 3 Zumpt N. cr. (al. subditicios):

    abolendo rumori Nero subdidit reos,

    Tac. A. 15, 44:

    reum,

    id. ib. 1, 6; cf.:

    subditis, qui accusatorum nomina sustinerent,

    suborned, id. ib. 4, 59:

    testamentum,

    id. ib. 14, 40:

    crimina majestatis,

    id. ib. 3, 67:

    rumorem,

    id. ib. 6, 36 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > subdo

  • 2 Truth

       1) I Am, I Exist, Is Necessarily True
       Archimedes used to demand just one firm and immovable point in order to shift the entire earth; so I too can hope for great things if I manage to find just one thing, however slight, that is certain and unshakeable. I will suppose then, that everything is spurious. I will believe that my memory tells me lies, and that none of the things that it reports ever happened. I have no senses. Body, shape, extension, movement and place are chimeras. So what remains true? Perhaps just the fact that nothing is certain.
       Yet apart from everything I have just listed, how do I know that there is not something else which does not allow even the slightest occasion for doubt? Is there not a God, or whatever I may call him, who puts into me the thoughts I am now having? But why do I think this, since I myself may perhaps be the author of these thoughts? In that case am not I, at least, something? But I have just said that I have no senses and no body. This is the sticking point: what follows from this? Am I not so bound up with a body and with senses that I cannot exist without them? But I convinced myself that there is absolutely nothing in the world, no sky, no earth, no minds, no bodies. Does it now follow that I too do not exist?
       No: if I convinced myself of something then I certainly existed.... So after considering everything very thoroughly, I must finally conclude that this proposition, I am, I exist, is necessarily true whenever it is put forward by me or conceived in my mind. (Descartes, 1984, pp. 16-17)
       It would be an error to suppose that the great discoverer seizes at once upon the truth, or has any unerring method of divining it. In all probability the errors of the great mind exceed in number those of the less vigorous one. Fertility of imagination and abundance of guesses at truth are among the first requisites of discovery; but the erroneous guesses must be many times as numerous as those that prove well founded. The weakest analogies, the most whimsical notations, the most apparently absurd theories, may pass through the teeming brain, and no record remain of more than the hundredth part. (Jevons, 1900, p. 577)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Truth

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